2596. Check Knight Tour Configuration

Description

There is a knight on an n x n chessboard. In a valid configuration, the knight starts at the top-left cell of the board and visits every cell on the board exactly once.

You are given an n x n integer matrix grid consisting of distinct integers from the range [0, n * n - 1] where grid[row][col] indicates that the cell (row, col) is the grid[row][col]^th cell that the knight visited. The moves are 0-indexed.

Return true if grid represents a valid configuration of the knight's movements or false otherwise.

Note that a valid knight move consists of moving two squares vertically and one square horizontally, or two squares horizontally and one square vertically. The figure below illustrates all the possible eight moves of a knight from some cell.

Example 1:

Input: grid = [[0,11,16,5,20],[17,4,19,10,15],[12,1,8,21,6],[3,18,23,14,9],[24,13,2,7,22]]
Output: true
Explanation: The above diagram represents the grid. It can be shown that it is a valid configuration.

Example 2:

Input: grid = [[0,3,6],[5,8,1],[2,7,4]]
Output: false
Explanation: The above diagram represents the grid. The 8^th move of the knight is not valid considering its position after the 7^th move.

Constraints:

n == grid.length == grid[i].length
3 <= n <= 7
0 <= grid[row][col] < n * n
All integers in grid are unique.

Solutions

Solution 1: Simulation

Thinking

Decide whether the grid is a knight's tour from \((0,0)\) in order \(0,1,\ldots,n^2-1\). \(n\le 7\), so record each step's coordinates and test that consecutive cells differ by a \((1,2)\) leap. The start cell must hold \(0\).

We first use an array \(\textit{pos}\) to record the coordinates of each cell visited by the knight, then traverse the \(\textit{pos}\) array and check if the coordinate difference between two adjacent cells is \((1, 2)\) or \((2, 1)\). If not, return \(\textit{false}\).

Otherwise, after the traversal, return \(\textit{true}\).

The time complexity is \(O(n^2)\), and the space complexity is \(O(n^2)\). Here, \(n\) is the side length of the chessboard.

Python3JavaC++GoTypeScript

class Solution:
    def checkValidGrid(self, grid: List[List[int]]) -> bool:
        if grid[0][0]:
            return False
        n = len(grid)
        pos = [None] * (n * n)
        for i in range(n):
            for j in range(n):
                pos[grid[i][j]] = (i, j)
        for (x1, y1), (x2, y2) in pairwise(pos):
            dx, dy = abs(x1 - x2), abs(y1 - y2)
            ok = (dx == 1 and dy == 2) or (dx == 2 and dy == 1)
            if not ok:
                return False
        return True

class Solution {
    public boolean checkValidGrid(int[][] grid) {
        if (grid[0][0] != 0) {
            return false;
        }
        int n = grid.length;
        int[][] pos = new int[n * n][2];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                pos[grid[i][j]] = new int[] {i, j};
            }
        }
        for (int i = 1; i < n * n; ++i) {
            int[] p1 = pos[i - 1];
            int[] p2 = pos[i];
            int dx = Math.abs(p1[0] - p2[0]);
            int dy = Math.abs(p1[1] - p2[1]);
            boolean ok = (dx == 1 && dy == 2) || (dx == 2 && dy == 1);
            if (!ok) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
}

class Solution {
public:
    bool checkValidGrid(vector<vector<int>>& grid) {
        if (grid[0][0] != 0) {
            return false;
        }
        int n = grid.size();
        vector<pair<int, int>> pos(n * n);
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                pos[grid[i][j]] = {i, j};
            }
        }
        for (int i = 1; i < n * n; ++i) {
            auto [x1, y1] = pos[i - 1];
            auto [x2, y2] = pos[i];
            int dx = abs(x1 - x2);
            int dy = abs(y1 - y2);
            bool ok = (dx == 1 && dy == 2) || (dx == 2 && dy == 1);
            if (!ok) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
};

func checkValidGrid(grid [][]int) bool {
    if grid[0][0] != 0 {
        return false
    }
    n := len(grid)
    type pair struct{ x, y int }
    pos := make([]pair, n*n)
    for i, row := range grid {
        for j, x := range row {
            pos[x] = pair{i, j}
        }
    }
    for i := 1; i < n*n; i++ {
        p1, p2 := pos[i-1], pos[i]
        dx := abs(p1.x - p2.x)
        dy := abs(p1.y - p2.y)
        ok := (dx == 2 && dy == 1) || (dx == 1 && dy == 2)
        if !ok {
            return false
        }
    }
    return true
}

func abs(x int) int {
    if x < 0 {
        return -x
    }
    return x
}

function checkValidGrid(grid: number[][]): boolean {
    if (grid[0][0] !== 0) {
        return false;
    }
    const n = grid.length;
    const pos = Array.from(new Array(n * n), () => new Array(2).fill(0));
    for (let i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        for (let j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
            pos[grid[i][j]] = [i, j];
        }
    }
    for (let i = 1; i < n * n; ++i) {
        const p1 = pos[i - 1];
        const p2 = pos[i];
        const dx = Math.abs(p1[0] - p2[0]);
        const dy = Math.abs(p1[1] - p2[1]);
        const ok = (dx === 1 && dy === 2) || (dx === 2 && dy === 1);
        if (!ok) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}

2596. Check Knight Tour Configuration

Description

Solutions

Solution 1: Simulation

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